INTRODUCTION
This post discusses the regions of Madagascar starting from the early autonomous provinces to the dissolving of the provinces to creating the new regions.
The geography of Madagascar can be divided into five regions: the East Coast, the Central Highlands, the Tsaratanana Massif, the West Coast and the Southwest. Madagascar is divided into 22 regions (faritra). These formerly second-tier administrative divisions became first-level administrative divisions when the former six provinces were dissolved on 4 October 2009.
Madagascar was once divided into six autonomous provinces (Malagasy: faritany mizakatena):
Antananarivo Province
Antsiranana Province
Fianarantsoa Province
Mahajanga Province
Toamasina Province
Toliara Province
The provinces were dissolved following the regional subdivision and the constitutional referendum of 2007. A time frame of thirty months (until October 2009) was allowed for the transition. But in the 2010 constitution, six autonomous provinces were listed.
Read: POLITICAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR
In 2005, a new entity called “districts” (distrika) was created by presidential decree 2005-012, replacing the department level of 1994. There are 116 districts. They have the same boundaries as the old “Sous-préfectures” or “ex-Fivondronampokontany”. They are defined as subdivisions of the regions, and contain one or more “Arrondissements Administratifs”. The chief of a district is designated by the chief of the region.
In the 2007 Constitution the autonomous provinces have been removed. Instead, the regions, the communes and the fokontany (but not the districts) are included. Elections for the regional councils were held on 16 March 2008.
The 22 regions of Madagascar that replaced the former 6 provinces:
| No. | Regions | Capital | Provinces |
| 1 | Diana | Antsiranana/ Diégo Suarez | Antsiranana |
| 2 | Sava | Sambava | Antsiranana |
| 3 | Itasy | Miarinarivo | Antananarivo |
| 4 | Analamanga | Antananarivo/ Tananarive | Antananarivo |
| 5 | Vakinankaratra | Antsirabe | Antananarivo |
| 6 | Bongolava | Tsiroanomandidy | Antananarivo |
| 7 | Sofia | Antsohihy | Mahajanga |
| 8 | Boeny | Mahajanga/ Majunga | Mahajanga |
| 9 | Betsiboka | Mahevatanana | Mahajanga |
| 10 | Melaky | Maitirano | Mahajanga |
| 11 | Alaotra Mangoro | Ambatondrazaka | Toamasina |
| 12 | Atsinanana | Toamasina/ Tamatave | Toamasina |
| 13 | Analanjorofo | Fenoarivo Atsinanana/ Fenerive est | Toamasina |
| 14 | Amoron’i Mania | Ambositra | Fianarantsoa |
| 15 | Haute Matsiatra | Fianarantsoa | Fianarantsoa |
| 16 | Vatovavy Fitovinany | Manakara | Fianarantsoa |
| 17 | Atsimo Atsinanana | Farafangana | Fianarantsoa |
| 18 | Ihorombe | Ihosy | Fianarantsoa |
| 19 | Menabe | Morondava | Toliara |
| 20 | Atsimo Andrefana | Toliara/ Tuléar | Toliara |
| 21 | Androy | Ambovombe Androy | Toliara |
| 22 | Anosy | Tôlagnaro | Toliara |